Zenit-2M (Gektor, 11F690)
Zenit-2M / Gektor
The soviet Zenit-2M (Gektor, 11F690) was an improved version of the Zenit-2 area surveillance reconnaissance satellite. It was part of the Vostok-based Zenit-family.
The satellites consisted of the Vostok-based service and reentry modules. The spherical reentry module returned both the cameras and the film to earth at the end of the mission. This version replaced the Ftor-2R camera system with the improved Ftor-2R3 camera. The battery powered spacecrafts were designed for flights durations of 12 to 13 days.
These satellites operated from following, typical orbits:
- 65.0°, 204-288 km altitude
- 62.8°, 200-294 km altitude
- 51.8°, 202-256 km altitude
- 71.3°, 205-316 km altitude
- 72.8°, 203-312 km altitude
- 81.3°, 210-232 km altitude
The Zenit-2M satellites could carry autonomous scientific and technical Nauka payloads and deploy other payloads from the front end of the spherical return capsule. Kosmos 368 carried also biological experiments as a precursor to the dedicated Bion series.
A civil earth resources version was launched as Zenit-2M/NKh (Gektor-Priroda). The Zenit-2M was later replaced by the Zenit-6U (Argon) version.
| Nation: | USSR |
|---|---|
| Type / Application: | Reconnaissance, photo (film return type) |
| Operator: | GRU |
| Contractors: | TsSKB |
| Equipment: | package |
| Configuration: | Zenit bus |
| Propulsion: | 11D82M ? |
| Power: | Batteries |
| Lifetime: | 12 days |
| Mass: | ~6300 kg |
| Orbit: | see above |
| Satellite | Date | LS | Launch Vehicle | Remarks | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kosmos 208 (Zenit-2M #1, Gektor #1) & Nauka-1KS 1L | 21.03.1968 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 228 (Zenit-2M #2, Gektor #2) & Nauka-1KS 2L | 21.06.1968 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 243 (Zenit-2M #3, Gektor #3) & Nauka-2KS 1L | 23.09.1968 | TB LC-1/5 | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 293 (Zenit-2M #4, Gektor #4) & Nauka-5KS 1L | 16.08.1969 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 306 (Zenit-2M #5, Gektor #5) | 24.10.1969 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 313 (Zenit-2M #6, Gektor #6) | 03.12.1969 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 318 (Zenit-2M #7, Gektor #7) | 09.01.1970 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 329 (Zenit-2M #8, Gektor #8) | 03.04.1970 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 350 (Zenit-2M #9, Gektor #9) | 26.06.1970 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 353 (Zenit-2M #10, Gektor #10) | 09.07.1970 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 363 (Zenit-2M #11, Gektor #11) | 17.09.1970 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 366 (Zenit-2M #12, Gektor #12) | 01.10.1970 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 368 (Zenit-2M #13, Gektor #13) & Nauka-1KS 3L | 08.10.1970 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 377 (Zenit-2M #14, Gektor #14) | 11.11.1970 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 384 (Zenit-2M #15, Gektor #15) & Nauka-2KS 2L | 10.12.1970 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 392 (Zenit-2M #16, Gektor #16) | 21.01.1971 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos (400) (Zenit-2M #17, Gektor #17) & Nauka-2KS 3L | 05.03.1971 | Pl | F | Voskhod | |
| Kosmos 403 (Zenit-2M #18, Gektor #18) | 02.04.1971 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 410 (Zenit-2M #19, Gektor #19) & Nauka-8KS 1L | 06.05.1971 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 428 (Zenit-2M #20, Gektor #20) & Nauka-1KS 4L | 24.06.1971 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 431 (Zenit-2M #21, Gektor #21) | 30.07.1971 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 439 (Zenit-2M #22, Gektor #22) | 21.09.1971 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 443 (Zenit-2M #23, Gektor #23) & Nauka-8KS 2L | 07.10.1971 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos (463) (Zenit-2M #24, Gektor #24) & Nauka-5KS 2L | 03.12.1971 | Pl | F | Voskhod | |
| Kosmos 473 (Zenit-2M #25, Gektor #25) | 03.02.1972 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 477 (Zenit-2M #26, Gektor #26) & Nauka-14KS 1L | 04.03.1972 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 484 (Zenit-2M #27, Gektor #27) & Nauka-5KS 3L | 05.04.1972 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 490 (Zenit-2M #28, Gektor #28) & Nauka-1KS 5L | 17.05.1972 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 493 (Zenit-2M #29, Gektor #29) | 21.06.1972 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 512 (Zenit-2M #30, Gektor #30) | 28.07.1972 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 517 (Zenit-2M #31, Gektor #31) | 30.08.1972 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 518 (Zenit-2M #32, Gektor #32) & Nauka | 15.09.1972 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 525 (Zenit-2M #33, Gektor #33) & Nauka-16KS 1L | 18.10.1972 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 537 (Zenit-2M #34, Gektor #34) | 25.11.1972 | TB LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 547 (Zenit-2M #35, Gektor #35) | 01.02.1973 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 552 (Zenit-2M #36, Gektor #36) & Nauka-16KS 2L | 22.03.1973 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 555 (Zenit-2M #37, Gektor #37) & Nauka-14KS 2L | 25.04.1973 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 561 (Zenit-2M #38, Gektor #43) & Nauka-9KS 1L | 25.05.1973 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 575 (Zenit-2M #39, Gektor #39) | 21.06.1973 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 578 (Zenit-2M #40, Gektor #40) | 01.08.1973 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 583 (Zenit-2M #41, Gektor #41) | 30.08.1973 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 596 (Zenit-2M #42, Gektor #42) | 03.10.1973 | Pl | Voskhod | with FEU-170 1L | |
| Kosmos 599 (Zenit-2M #43, Gektor #43) | 15.10.1973 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 629 (Zenit-2M #44, Gektor #44) | 24.01.1974 | Pl | Voskhod | with FEU-170 2L | |
| Kosmos 635 (Zenit-2M #45, Gektor #45) & Nauka-17KS 1L | 14.03.1974 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 640 (Zenit-2M #46, Gektor #46) | 11.04.1974 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 653 (Zenit-2M #47, Gektor #47) | 15.05.1974 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 658 (Zenit-2M #48, Gektor #48) | 06.06.1974 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 669 (Zenit-2M #49, Gektor #49) & Nauka-8KS 3L | 26.07.1974 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos (676) (Zenit-2M #50, Gektor #50) | 30.08.1974 | Pl | F | Voskhod | with FEU-170 3L |
| Kosmos 685 (Zenit-2M #51, Gektor #51) | 20.09.1974 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 692 (Zenit-2M #52, Gektor #52) | 01.11.1974 | Pl | Voskhod | with FEU-170 4L | |
| Kosmos 696 (Zenit-2M #53, Gektor #53) | 27.11.1974 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 702 (Zenit-2M #54, Gektor #54) | 17.01.1975 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 721 (Zenit-2M #55, Gektor #55) & Nauka-5KSA 1L | 26.03.1975 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 728 (Zenit-2M #56, Gektor #56) & Nauka-15KS 1L | 18.04.1975 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 731 (Zenit-2M #57, Gektor #57) & Nauka-9KS 2L | 21.05.1975 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 747 (Zenit-2M #58, Gektor #58) & Nauka-22KS 1L | 27.06.1975 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 751 (Zenit-2M #59, Gektor #59) | 23.07.1975 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 769 (Zenit-2M #60, Gektor #60) | 23.09.1975 | Pl | Voskhod | with FEU-170 5L | |
| Kosmos 776 (Zenit-2M #61, Gektor #61) & Nauka-20KS 1L | 17.10.1975 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 780 (Zenit-2M #62, Gektor #62) & Nauka-20KS 2L | 21.11.1975 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 784 (Zenit-2M #63, Gektor #63) & Nauka-22KS 2L | 03.12.1975 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 799 (Zenit-2M #64, Gektor #64) | 29.01.1976 | TB LC-31/6 ? | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 809 (Zenit-2M #65, Gektor #65) | 18.03.1976 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 813 (Zenit-2M #66, Gektor #66) | 09.04.1976 | Pl | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 819 (Zenit-2M #67, Gektor #67) | 20.05.1976 | TB | Voskhod | ||
| Kosmos 834 (Zenit-2M #68, Gektor #68) | 24.06.1976 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 840 (Zenit-2M #69, Gektor #69) | 14.07.1976 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 848 (Zenit-2M #70, Gektor #70) & Nauka-19KS 1L | 12.08.1976 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 856 (Zenit-2M #71, Gektor #71) & Nauka | 22.09.1976 | TB | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 865 (Zenit-2M #72, Gektor #72) | 01.11.1976 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 879 (Zenit-2M #73, Gektor #73) | 09.12.1976 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 889 (Zenit-2M #74, Gektor #74) | 20.01.1977 | TB LC-31/6 ? | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 898 (Zenit-2M #75, Gektor #75) & Nauka | 17.03.1977 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 904 (Zenit-2M #76, Gektor #76) | 20.04.1977 | TB LC-31/6 ? | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 914 (Zenit-2M #77, Gektor #77) & Nauka | 31.05.1977 | TB | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 922 (Zenit-2M #78, Gektor #78) | 30.06.1977 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 935 (Zenit-2M #79, Gektor #79) | 29.07.1977 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 947 (Zenit-2M #80, Gektor #80) | 27.08.1977 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 950 (Zenit-2M #81, Gektor #81) | 13.09.1977 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 966 (Zenit-2M #82, Gektor #82) & Nauka | 12.12.1977 | TB | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 973 (Zenit-2M #83, Gektor #83) & Nauka | 27.12.1977 | TB LC-31/6 ? | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 984 (Zenit-2M #84, Gektor #84) | 13.01.1978 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 992 (Zenit-2M #85, Gektor #85) | 04.03.1978 | TB LC-31/6 ? | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 995 (Zenit-2M #86, Gektor #86) | 17.03.1978 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 1002 (Zenit-2M #87, Gektor #87) | 06.04.1978 | TB | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 1004 (Zenit-2M #88, Gektor #88) & Nauka-23KS 2L | 05.05.1978 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 1012 (Zenit-2M #89, Gektor #89) | 25.05.1978 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 1032 (Zenit-2M #90, Gektor #90) & Nauka-25KS 2L | 19.09.1978 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 1044 (Zenit-2M #91, Gektor #91) | 17.10.1978 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 1060 (Zenit-2M #92, Gektor #92) | 08.12.1978 | TB | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 1061 (Zenit-2M #93, Gektor #93) & Nauka-32KS 1L | 14.12.1978 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos 1070 (Zenit-2M #94, Gektor #94) & Nauka-30KS 1L | 11.01.1979 | Pl | Soyuz-U | ||
| Kosmos (1078) (Zenit-2M #95, Gektor #95) & Nauka-32KS 2L | 16.02.1979 | Pl LC-41 | F | Soyuz-U | |
| Kosmos 1090 (Zenit-2M #96, Gektor #96) | 31.03.1979 | Pl | Soyuz-U |
Further Zenit missions:
- Zenit-2 (11F61)
- Zenit-2M / Gektor (11F690)
- Zenit-2M/NKh / Gektor-Priroda
- Zenit-4 (11F69)
- Zenit-4M / Rotor (11F691)
- Zenit-4MK / Germes (11F692)
- Zenit-4MKM / Gerakl (11F692M)
- Zenit-4MKT / Fram (11F635)
- Zenit-4MT / Orion (11F629)
- Zenit-6 / Argon (11F645)
- Zenit-8 / Oblik (17F116)
- Resurs-F1 (17F41)
- Resurs-F1 (17F40)
- Resurs-F1 (17F43)
- Resurs-F1M
- Resurs-F2 (11F42)
- Resurs-T
