Raduga (Gran) [NPO PM]
The Raduga or Gran satellites were a sereis of Soviet geostationary communication satellites for both military and governmental purposes.
Raduga was designed to support military communication, the Orbita ground TV network, as well as provide telephone and telegraph communications across the entire Eastern hemisphere except for polar regions.
The KAUR-3 spacecraft bus was 3-axis stabilized using liquid propellant micro-engines to within 0.25 degrees of the earth's centre. The single-unit body was equipped with solar panels, and active liquid-gas phase-change thermoregulation system, and a corrective engine unit for making orbital maneuvers. 25 square meters of solar panels provided 1280 W of power.
Raduga's communication payload consisted of two C-Band three-channel transponders designated Delta-1 and Delta-2. Delta-1 was utilized for military communications while Delta-2 was used for civilian applications.
The Raduga / Gran series was succeded by the Raduga-1 / Globus series.
Nation: | USSR / Russia |
---|---|
Type / Application: | Communication |
Operator: | |
Contractors: | NPO Prikladnoi Mekhaniki (NPO PM) |
Equipment: | 3 Delta-1 C-Band transponders, 3 Delta-2 C-Band transponders |
Configuration: | KAUR-3 |
Propulsion: | |
Power: | 2 deployable solar arrays, batteries |
Lifetime: | 3 years |
Mass: | ~ 2000 kg |
Orbit: | GEO |
Satellite | COSPAR | Date | LS | Launch Vehicle | Remarks | |
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Raduga 1 (Gran 11L) | 1975-123A | 22.12.1975 | Ba LC-81/24 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 2 (Gran 12L) | 1976-092A | 11.09.1976 | Ba LC-81/24 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 3 (Gran 13L) | 1977-071A | 23.07.1977 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 4 (Gran 14L) | 1978-073A | 18.07.1978 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 5 (Gran 15L) | 1979-035A | 25.04.1979 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 6 (Gran 16L) | 1980-016A | 20.02.1980 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 7 (Gran 17L) | 1980-081A | 05.10.1980 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 8 (Gran 18L) | 1981-027A | 18.03.1981 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 9 (Gran 19L) | 1981-069A | 30.07.1981 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 10 (Gran 20L) | 1981-102A | 09.10.1981 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 11 (Gran 21L) | 1982-113A | 26.11.1982 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga (12) (Gran 22L) | 1982-F08 | 24.12.1982 | Ba LC-200/39 | F | Proton-K Blok-DM | |
Raduga 12 (Gran 23L) | 1983-028A | 08.04.1983 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 13 (Gran 24L) | 1983-088A | 25.08.1983 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 14 (Gran 25L) | 1984-016A | 15.02.1984 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 15 (Gran 27L) | 1984-063A | 22.06.1984 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 16 (Gran 26L) | 1985-070A | 08.08.1985 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 17 (Gran 28L) | 1985-107A | 15.11.1985 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 18 (Gran 29L) | 1986-007A | 17.01.1986 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 19 (Gran 30L) | 1986-082A | 25.10.1986 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 20 (Gran 31L) | 1987-028A | 19.03.1987 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM | ||
Raduga 21 (Gran 32L) | 1987-100A | 10.12.1987 | Ba LC-200/40 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 22 (Gran 34L) | 1988-095A | 20.10.1988 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 23 (Gran 33L) | 1989-030A | 14.04.1989 | Ba LC-200/39 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 24 (Gran 36L) | 1989-098A | 15.12.1989 | Ba LC-81/23 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 25 (Gran 35L) | 1990-016A | 15.02.1990 | Ba LC-81/23 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 26 (Gran 37L) | 1990-112A | 20.12.1990 | Ba LC-81/23 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 27 (Gran 38L) | 1991-014A | 28.02.1991 | Ba LC-81/23 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 28 (Gran 39L) | 1991-087A | 19.12.1991 | Ba LC-81/23 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 29 (Gran 42L) | 1993-013A | 25.03.1993 | Ba LC-81/23 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 30 (Gran 41L) | 1993-062A | 30.09.1993 | Ba LC-81/23 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 31 (Gran 40L) | 1994-012A | 18.02.1994 | Ba LC-81/23 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 32 (Gran 43L) | 1994-087A | 28.12.1994 | Ba LC-81/23 | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | ||
Raduga 33 (Gran 44L) | 1996-010A | 19.02.1996 | Ba LC-200/39 | P | Proton-K Blok-DM-2 | |
Raduga (34) (Gran 45L) | 1999-F02 | 05.07.1999 | Ba LC-81/24 | F | Proton-K Briz-M | 2. Stage failure |