Zenit-8 (Oblik) [GDK]
Zenit-4MK (Germes) similar
The Zenit-4MK, also known as Germes or 11F692, was a soviet optical high resolution reconnaissance satellite of the Vostok-based Zenit-family to replace the earlier Zenit-4M (Rotor).
The satellites consisted of the Vostok-based service and reentry modules and featured an additional maneuvering engine, which was jettisoned before reentry. The spherical reentry module returned both the cameras and the film to earth at the end of the mission. The lifetime of the battery powered spacecraft was typically 12 to 14 days.
80 satellites of this type were launched between 1969 and 1977. The return capsules could be reused several times. The were replaced by the Zenit-4MKM (Gerakl) series, but the differences between these series are not known.
Nation: | USSR |
---|---|
Type / Application: | Reconnaissance, photo (film return type) |
Operator: | GRU |
Contractors: | TsSKB |
Equipment: | |
Configuration: | Zenit bus |
Propulsion: | 11D82M; S5.120 (maneuver module) |
Power: | Batteries |
Lifetime: | 14 days |
Mass: | 6300 kg |
Orbit: |
Satellite | COSPAR | Date | LS | Launch Vehicle | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kosmos 317 (Zenit-4MK #1, Germes #1) | 1969-109A | 23.12.1969 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 328 (Zenit-4MK #2, Germes #2) | 1970-022A | 27.03.1970 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 364 (Zenit-4MK #3, Germes #3) | 1970-075A | 22.09.1970 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 383 (Zenit-4MK #4, Germes #4) | 1970-104A | 03.12.1970 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 427 (Zenit-4MK #5, Germes #5) | 1971-055A | 11.06.1971 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 438 (Zenit-4MK #6, Germes #6) | 1971-077A | 14.09.1971 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 488 (Zenit-4MK #7, Germes #7) | 1972-034A | 05.05.1972 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 515 (Zenit-4MK #8, Germes #8) | 1972-063A | 18.08.1972 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 527 (Zenit-4MK #9, Germes #9) | 1972-086A | 31.10.1972 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 550 (Zenit-4MK #10, Germes #10) | 1973-011A | 01.03.1973 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 554 (Zenit-4MK #11, Germes #11) | 1973-021A | 19.04.1973 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 556 (Zenit-4MK #12, Germes #12) | 1973-025A | 05.05.1973 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 559 (Zenit-4MK #13, Germes #13) | 1973-030A | 18.05.1973 | Pl LC-43/3 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 587 (Zenit-4MK #14, Germes #14) | 1973-066A | 21.09.1973 | Pl LC-43/3 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 597 (Zenit-4MK #15, Germes #15) | 1973-071A | 06.10.1973 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 602 (Zenit-4MK #16, Germes #16) | 1973-077A | 20.10.1973 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 607 (Zenit-4MK #17, Germes #17) | 1973-087A | 10.11.1973 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 612 (Zenit-4MK #18, Germes #18) | 1973-095A | 28.11.1973 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 625 (Zenit-4MK #19, Germes #19) | 1973-105A | 21.12.1973 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 630 (Zenit-4MK #20, Germes #20) | 1974-004A | 30.01.1974 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 636 (Zenit-4MK #21, Germes #21) | 1974-016A | 20.03.1974 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 639 (Zenit-4MK #22, Germes #22) | 1974-019A | 04.04.1974 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos (641) (Zenit-4MK #23, Germes #23) | 1974-F02 | 12.04.1974 | Ba LC-31/6 | F | Voskhod | |
Kosmos 649 (Zenit-4MK #24, Germes #24) | 1974-027A | 29.04.1974 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 652 (Zenit-4MK #25, Germes #25) | 1974-030A | 15.05.1974 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 657 (Zenit-4MK #26, Germes #26) | 1974-038A | 30.05.1974 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 659 (Zenit-4MK #27, Germes #27) | 1974-043A | 13.06.1974 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 666 (Zenit-4MK #28, Germes #28) | 1974-053A | 12.07.1974 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 671 (Zenit-4MK #29, Germes #29) | 1974-062A | 07.08.1974 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 674 (Zenit-4MK #30, Germes #30) | 1974-068A | 29.08.1974 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 688 (Zenit-4MK #31, Germes #31) | 1974-078A | 18.10.1974 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 691 (Zenit-4MK #32, Germes #32) | 1974-082A | 25.10.1974 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 694 (Zenit-4MK #33, Germes #33) | 1974-090A | 16.11.1974 | Pl LC-43/4 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 701 (Zenit-4MK #34, Germes #34) | 1974-106A | 27.12.1974 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 704 (Zenit-4MK #35, Germes #35) | 1975-005A | 23.01.1975 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 709 (Zenit-4MK #36, Germes #36) | 1975-013A | 12.02.1975 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 710 (Zenit-4MK #37, Germes #37) | 1975-015A | 26.02.1975 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 719 (Zenit-4MK #38, Germes #38) | 1975-018A | 12.03.1975 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 722 (Zenit-4MK #39, Germes #39) | 1975-021A | 27.03.1975 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 727 (Zenit-4MK #40, Germes #40) | 1975-030A | 16.04.1975 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 730 (Zenit-4MK #41, Germes #41) | 1975-035A | 24.04.1975 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 740 (Zenit-4MK #42, Germes #42) | 1975-046A | 28.05.1975 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 742 (Zenit-4MK #43, Germes #43) | 1975-048A | 03.06.1975 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 743 (Zenit-4MK #44, Germes #44) | 1975-053A | 12.06.1975 | Pl LC-43/3 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 746 (Zenit-4MK #45, Germes #45) | 1975-059A | 25.06.1975 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 748 (Zenit-4MK #46, Germes #46) | 1975-061A | 03.07.1975 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 753 (Zenit-4MK #47, Germes #47) | 1975-071A | 31.07.1975 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 754 (Zenit-4MK #48, Germes #48) | 1975-073A | 13.08.1975 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 757 (Zenit-4MK #49, Germes #49) | 1975-078A | 27.08.1975 | Pl LC-41/1 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 760 (Zenit-4MK #50, Germes #50) | 1975-085A | 16.09.1975 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 774 (Zenit-4MK #51, Germes #51) | 1975-095A | 01.10.1975 | Ba LC-31/6 ? | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 779 (Zenit-4MK #52, Germes #52) | 1975-104A | 04.11.1975 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 786 (Zenit-4MK #53, Germes #53) | 1975-120A | 16.12.1975 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 788 (Zenit-4MK #54, Germes #54) | 1976-002A | 07.01.1976 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 802 (Zenit-4MK #55, Germes #55) | 1976-013A | 11.02.1976 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 806 (Zenit-4MK #56, Germes #56) | 1976-020A | 10.03.1976 | Pl LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 810 (Zenit-4MK #57, Germes #57) | 1976-028A | 26.03.1976 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 815 (Zenit-4MK #58, Germes #58) | 1976-036A | 28.04.1976 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 817 (Zenit-4MK #59, Germes #59) | 1976-040A | 05.05.1976 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 821 (Zenit-4MK #60, Germes #60) | 1976-048A | 26.05.1976 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 824 (Zenit-4MK #61, Germes #61) | 1976-052A | 08.06.1976 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 833 (Zenit-4MK #62, Germes #62) | 1976-055A | 16.06.1976 | Pl LC-43/3 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 835 (Zenit-4MK #63, Germes #63) | 1976-060A | 29.06.1976 | Ba LC-31/6 | Voskhod | ||
Kosmos 847 (Zenit-4MK #64, Germes #64) | 1976-079A | 04.08.1976 | Pl LC-43/4 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 852 (Zenit-4MK #65, Germes #65) | 1976-086A | 28.08.1976 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 854 (Zenit-4MK #66, Germes #66) | 1976-090A | 03.09.1976 | Pl LC-43/4 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 857 (Zenit-4MK #67, Germes #67) | 1976-097A | 24.09.1976 | Pl LC-43/3 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 859 (Zenit-4MK #68, Germes #68) | 1976-099A | 10.10.1976 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 863 (Zenit-4MK #69, Germes #69) | 1976-106A | 25.10.1976 | Pl LC-43/4 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 866 (Zenit-4MK #70, Germes #70) | 1976-110A | 11.11.1976 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 884 (Zenit-4MK #71, Germes #71) | 1976-123A | 17.12.1976 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 888 (Zenit-4MK #72, Germes #72) | 1977-001A | 06.01.1977 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 892 (Zenit-4MK #73, Germes #73) | 1977-009A | 09.02.1977 | Pl LC-43/3 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos (895) (Zenit-4MK #74, Germes #74) | 1977-F01 | 22.02.1977 | Ba LC-31/6 | F | Soyuz-U | |
Kosmos 897 (Zenit-4MK #75, Germes #75) | 1977-017A | 10.03.1977 | Pl LC-43/3 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 902 (Zenit-4MK #76, Germes #76) | 1977-026A | 07.04.1977 | Pl LC-43/4 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 907 (Zenit-4MK #77, Germes #77) | 1977-033A | 05.05.1977 | Pl LC-43/3 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 908 (Zenit-4MK #78, Germes #78) | 1977-035A | 17.05.1977 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 915 (Zenit-4MK #79, Germes #79) | 1977-045A | 08.06.1977 | Pl LC-43/4 | Soyuz-U | ||
Kosmos 920 (Zenit-4MK #80, Germes #80) | 1977-052A | 22.06.1977 | Ba LC-31/6 | Soyuz-U |