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Meteor-1

Meteor-1

The Meteor-1 series was the first series of Soviet meteorological satellites.

These satellites were developed by VNIIEM. They consisted of a 3-axis stabilized pressurized body powered by two articulated solar panels.

The payload consisted of following instruments:

  • TV (TV optical instrument, MR-600A), a vidicon based visible light imaging instrument. It operated in the spectral range of 0.4 - 0.8 µm. It had an ground resolution of 1.25 - 3 km with an swath width of 1000 km.
  • IR (TV Infrared instrument, Lastocha), an infra-red imaging instrument operating in the spectral range of 8 - 12 µm. It had an ground resolution of 15 km with an swath width of 1000 km.
  • AC (Radiation Budget Sensor), an narrow-sector device which to measures the sun's radiation fluxes, the thermal radiation of the Earth's surface, cloud cover and the atmosphere. The instrument operated in the spectral range: 0.3 - 3 30 µm. AC had an ground resolution of 40 km × 50 km with an swath width of 2500 km.

Four satellites were used to test plasma thrusters in space. Meteor-1 10, 19 and 25 carried SPD-60 thrusters and Meteor-1 27 carried SPD-50 thrusters.

These satellites were orbited by Vostok-2M launched both from the Baikonur and Plesetsk cosmodromes. Due to the lack of performance of the launch vehicle, they were put into non-sun-synchronous polar orbits with a average altitude of 650 km for the first nine satellites and 900 km for the later satellites. Orbital inclination was 81-82º.

There were 11 satellites launched under the Kosmos designation and 25 more under the Meteor-1 name. Six more satellites - Meteor-1 18, 25, 28, 29, 30 and 31 - were in fact part of the Meteor-Priroda series. The Meteor-1 series was replaced by the more sophisticated Meteor-2 series.

Nation: USSR
Type / Application: Meteorology
Operator:
Contractors: VNIIEM
Equipment: TV, IR, AC
Configuration:
Propulsion:
Power: 2 deployable solar arrays, batteries
Lifetime:
Mass: 2200 kg
Orbit: 650 km × 650 km, 81° (typical, #1-9); 600 km × 600 km, 81° (typical, rest of series)
Satellite COSPAR Date LS Launch Vehicle Remarks
Kosmos 44 (Meteor-1 #1) 1964-053A 28.08.1964 Ba LC-31/6 Vostok-2M
Kosmos 58 (Meteor-1 #2) 1965-014A 26.02.1965 Ba LC-31/6 Vostok-2M
Kosmos 100 (Meteor-1 #3) 1965-106A 17.12.1965 Ba LC-31/6 Vostok-2M
Kosmos 118 (Meteor-1 #4) 1966-038A 11.05.1966 Ba LC-31/6 Vostok-2M
Kosmos 122 (Meteor-1 #5) 1966-057A 25.06.1966 Ba LC-31/6 Vostok-2M
Kosmos 144 (Meteor-1 #6) 1967-018A 28.02.1967 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Kosmos 156 (Meteor-1 #7) 1967-039A 27.04.1967 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Kosmos 184 (Meteor-1 #8) 1967-102A 24.10.1967 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Kosmos 206 (Meteor-1 #9) 1968-019A 14.03.1968 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Kosmos 226 (Meteor-1 #10) 1968-049A 12.06.1968 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Kosmos (265) (Meteor-1 #11) 1969-F03 01.02.1969 Pl LC-41/1 F Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 1 (12L) 1969-029A 26.03.1969 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 2 (15L) 1969-084A 06.10.1969 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 3 (14L) 1970-019A 17.03.1970 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 4 (13L) 1970-037A 28.04.1970 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 5 (17L) 1970-047A 23.06.1970 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 6 (16L) 1970-085A 15.10.1970 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 7 (19L) 1971-003A 20.01.1971 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 8 (21L) 1971-031A 17.04.1971 Pl LC-43/4 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 9 (20L) 1971-059A 16.07.1971 Pl LC-43/4 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 10 (18L) 1971-120A 29.12.1971 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 11 (23L) 1972-022A 30.03.1972 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 12 (26L) 1972-049A 30.06.1972 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 13 (25L) 1972-085A 26.10.1972 Pl LC-43/4 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 14 (29L) 1973-015A 20.03.1973 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 15 (27L) 1973-034A 29.05.1973 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 16 (30L) 1974-011A 05.03.1974 Pl LC-43/4 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 17 (22L) 1974-025A 24.04.1974 Pl LC-43/4 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 19 (33L) 1974-083A 28.10.1974 Pl LC-43/4 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 20 (32L) 1974-099A 17.12.1974 Pl LC-43/4 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 21 (31L) 1975-023A 01.04.1975 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 22 (28L) 1975-087A 18.09.1975 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 23 (38L) 1975-124A 25.12.1975 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 24 (37L) 1976-032A 07.04.1976 Pl LC-41/1 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 26 (35L) 1976-102A 15.10.1976 Pl LC-43/3 Vostok-2M
Meteor-1 27 (39L) 1977-024A 05.04.1977 Pl LC-43/3 Vostok-2M

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