Zaliv [NPO PM]
The first soviet navigation system called Tsiklon consisted of Zaliv satellites in low earth orbit.
The Tsiklon/Zaliv system used the Doppler navigation method.
The Zaliv satellites had a launch mass of 800 kg and consisted of a 2.04 m diameter drum shaped bus with a height of 3 m. They were developed at NPO-PM. The satellites features an hermetically sealed, pressurized inner compartment housing the equipment. Passive attitude control was by a single-axis magneto-gravitational system featuring an extensible gravity gradient boom.
The satellites were launched by Kosmos-3M boosters from Plesetsk. Initially a 780 km orbit with 74° inclination was used. Beginning with the eighth launch, the orbital height was increased to 1000 km. With the 13th launch, the inclination was changed to 82°.
The Tsiklon navigation system was later replaced by the operation Tsiklon-B system featuring Parus satellites and the civilian Tsikada system.
Nation: | USSR |
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Type / Application: | Navigation / Communication |
Operator: | |
Contractors: | NPO Prikladnoi Mekhaniki (NPO PM) |
Equipment: | |
Configuration: | KAUR-1 |
Propulsion: | |
Power: | Solar cells, batteries |
Lifetime: | |
Mass: | 800 kg |
Orbit: | 780 km × 780 km, 74° (#1-7); 970 km × 1005 km, 74° (#8-12); 970 km × 1005 km, 82° (#13-26); |
Satellite | COSPAR | Date | LS | Launch Vehicle | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kosmos 192 (Zaliv #1) | 1967-116A | 23.11.1967 | Pl | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 220 (Zaliv #2) | 1968-040A | 07.05.1968 | Pl | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 292 (Zaliv #3) | 1969-070A | 13.08.1969 | Pl | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 304 (Zaliv #4) | 1969-091A | 21.10.1969 | Pl | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 332 (Zaliv #5) | 1970-028A | 11.04.1970 | Pl | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 371 (Zaliv #6) | 1970-083A | 12.10.1970 | Pl | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 385 (Zaliv #7) | 1970-108A | 12.12.1970 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 422 (Zaliv #8) | 1971-046A | 22.05.1971 | Pl LC-132/1 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 465 (Zaliv #9) | 1971-111A | 15.12.1971 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 475 (Zaliv #10) | 1972-009A | 25.02.1972 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 489 (Zaliv #11) | 1972-035A | 06.05.1972 | Pl | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos (562) (Zaliv #12) | 1973-F03 | 25.05.1973 | Pl LC-132/1 | F | Kosmos-3M | |
Kosmos 574 (Zaliv #13) | 1973-042A | 20.06.1973 | Pl LC-132/1 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 586 (Zaliv #14) | 1973-065A | 14.09.1973 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 627 (Zaliv #15) | 1973-109A | 29.12.1973 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 628 (Zaliv #16) | 1974-001A | 17.01.1974 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 663 (Zaliv #17) | 1974-048A | 27.06.1974 | Pl LC-132/1 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 689 (Zaliv #18) | 1974-079A | 18.10.1974 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 729 (Zaliv #19) | 1975-034A | 22.04.1975 | Pl LC-132/1 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 800 (Zaliv #20) | 1976-011A | 03.02.1976 | Pl LC-132/1 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 823 (Zaliv #21) | 1976-051A | 02.06.1976 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 846 (Zaliv #22) | 1976-078A | 29.07.1976 | Pl LC-132/1 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 890 (Zaliv #23) | 1977-004A | 20.01.1977 | Pl LC-132/1 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 962 (Zaliv #24) | 1977-107A | 28.10.1977 | Pl LC-132/1 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 994 (Zaliv #25) | 1978-028A | 15.03.1978 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M | ||
Kosmos 1027 (Zaliv #26) | 1978-074A | 27.07.1978 | Pl LC-132/2 | Kosmos-3M |